Skip Navigation Links.
Collapse <span class="m110 colortj mt20 fontw700">Volume 12 (2024)</span>Volume 12 (2024)
Collapse <span class="m110 colortj mt20 fontw700">Volume 11 (2023)</span>Volume 11 (2023)
Collapse <span class="m110 colortj mt20 fontw700">Volume 10 (2022)</span>Volume 10 (2022)
Collapse <span class="m110 colortj mt20 fontw700">Volume 9 (2021)</span>Volume 9 (2021)
Collapse <span class="m110 colortj mt20 fontw700">Volume 8 (2020)</span>Volume 8 (2020)
Collapse <span class="m110 colortj mt20 fontw700">Volume 7 (2019)</span>Volume 7 (2019)
Collapse <span class="m110 colortj mt20 fontw700">Volume 6 (2018)</span>Volume 6 (2018)
Collapse <span class="m110 colortj mt20 fontw700">Volume 5 (2017)</span>Volume 5 (2017)
Collapse <span class="m110 colortj mt20 fontw700">Volume 4 (2016)</span>Volume 4 (2016)
Collapse <span class="m110 colortj mt20 fontw700">Volume 3 (2015)</span>Volume 3 (2015)
Collapse <span class="m110 colortj mt20 fontw700">Volume 2 (2014)</span>Volume 2 (2014)
Collapse <span class="m110 colortj mt20 fontw700">Volume 1 (2013)</span>Volume 1 (2013)
American Journal of Public Health Research. 2023, 11(2), 69-74
DOI: 10.12691/AJPHR-11-2-5
Original Research

Relationship between Personal Characteristics and the Person Performing Female Genital Mutilation

Rasha El-Syed Ebrahim1, Momen Zakria Mohammed2, Hanan Elzeblawy Hassan1, and Fatima Hosny Abd-ELhakam1

1Maternal and Newborn Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Beni-Suef University, Egypt

2Lecturer of Obstetrics & Gynecology Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University

Pub. Date: March 10, 2023
Full Text PDF

Cite this paper

Rasha El-Syed Ebrahim, Momen Zakria Mohammed, Hanan Elzeblawy Hassan and Fatima Hosny Abd-ELhakam. Relationship between Personal Characteristics and the Person Performing Female Genital Mutilation. American Journal of Public Health Research. 2023; 11(2):69-74. doi: 10.12691/AJPHR-11-2-5

Abstract

Background: Medicalization is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as "the circumstance in which FGM/C is performed by any health care practitioner, whether in a public or private health facility, at home, or anywhere else. Aim: Assess Relationship between Personal Characteristics and the Person Performing Female Genital Mutilation at Beni-Suef. Subject & Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was used. The study population consisted of 2837 females in family health centers (FHCs) in different sitting at Beni-Suef. Α Structured Interviewing Questionnaire sheet was used to collect data. Results: The most (70.4%) of studied participants were rural residents, 90.2% were highly educated, 57.5% were single. There is a significant association between residence and the person performing FGM/C. (p≤0.001). Circumcision performed by Barber or Dayah were more prevalent (100.0% & 98.8%, respectively) among rural dwellers than urban ones (0.0% & 1.2%, respectively). There is a significant association between mothers' & fathers' education and the person performing FGM/C (p≤0.001). Conclusion & Recommendations: The most of studied participants were rural residents. A significant association between residence, parent's education and the person performing FGM/C was found. Motivations and behavior change of rural residences toward practices of FGM/C by educational programs should be performed.

Keywords

relationship, personal characteristics, performing, female genital mutilation

Copyright

Creative CommonsThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

References

[1]  Odukogbe, A. T. A., Afolabi, B. B., Bello, O. O., & Adeyanju, A. S. Female genital mutilation/cutting in Africa. Translational andrology and urology, 2017; 6(2): 138.
 
[2]  Hassan H., Abd-ELhakam F., Ebrahim R., Mohammed M. Prevalence of Female Genital Mutilation in Northern Upper Egypt. American Journal of Nursing Research, 2023, 11(1): 12-20.
 
[3]  Abd-ELhakam F., Ebrahim R., Mohammed M., Hassan H. Relationship between Socio Demographic Data and Female Genital Mutilation. Archives of Medical Case Reports and Case Study, 2022; 6(5); 1-7.
 
[4]  Mohammed M., Abd-ELhakam F., Hassan H., Ebrahim R. Study Females' Intention to practice Female Genital Mutilation for their Daughters at Beni-Suef. Public Health Open Access, 2022; 6(2): 1-8.
 
[5]  Ebrahim R., Abd-ELhakam F., Hassan H., Mohammed M. Relationship between Females' Knowledge and Attitude and Intention of Female Genital Mutilation. Research in Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 2023; 11(1): 1-6.
 
[6]  UNICEF, 2018. At least 200 million girls and women alive today living in 30 countries have undergone FGM. https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-protection/female-genital-mutilation.
 
[7]  Abd-ELhakam F. Prevalence of Female Genital Mutilation at Beni-Suef Governorate, Egypt. [Master's Disseration, Beni-Suef University]. Beni-Suef, Egypt. 2022.
 
[8]  Hassan H., Abd-ELhakam F., Ebrahim R., Mohammed M. Female Genital Mutilation: Females' Intention in Northern Upper Egypt. Journal of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, 2023; 7(1): 1-11.
 
[9]  Shell-Duncan, B., Njue, C., & Moore, Z. Trends in the medicalization of female genital mutilation/cutting: What do the data reveal? 2018; 1-24.
 
[10]  Hassan H., Ebrahim R., Mohammed M., Abd-ELhakam F. Female Genital Mutilation: Impact on Knowledge, Attitude, Sexual Score Domains and Intention of Females in Northern Upper Egypt. Archives of Medical Case Reports and Case Study, 2022; 6(5): 1-8.
 
[11]  Abd-ELhakam F., Hassan H., Ebrahim R., Mohammed M. Relationship between Females' Intention of Mutilating Their Daughters and Demographic Characteristics, Journal of Psychology and Neuroscience, 2023; 5(1): 1-6.
 
[12]  Hassan H., Abd-ELhakam F., Ebrahim R., Mohammed M. Call for Change Enhancement Upper Egyptian Females' Knowledge Regarding Effect of Female Genital Mutilation. American Journal of Public Health Research, 2023; 11(1): 5-12.
 
[13]  Abdou, M. S., Wahdan, I. M., & El-Nimr, N. A. Prevalence of Female Genital Mutilation, and Women’s Knowledge, Attitude, and Intention to Practice in Egypt: A Nationwide Survey. Journal of High Institute of Public Health, 2020; 50(3): 139-145.
 
[14]  Hassan H. Evidence-Based Practice in Midwifery and Maternity Nursing for Excellent Quality of Care Outcomes. American Journal of Nursing Research, 2020; 8(6): 606-607.
 
[15]  Abd- Elhakam F., Ibrahim R., Mohamed M., Hassan H. Prevalence of Female Genital Mutilation at Beni-Suef Governorate, Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Health Care, (EJHC), 2023; 14 (1): 564-577.
 
[16]  Leye, E., Van Eekert, N., Shamu, S., Esho, T., & Barrett, H. Debating medicalization of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C): learning from (policy) experiences across countries. Reproductive health, 2019; 16(1): 1-10.
 
[17]  Hassan H. The Impact of Evidence-Based Nursing as The Foundation for Professional Maternity Nursing Practices. Open Access Journal of Reproductive System and Sexual Disorder, 2019; 2(2): 195-197.
 
[18]  Abd-ELhakam F., Ebrahim R., Mohammed M., Hassan H. Female Genital Mutilation: Females' Related Knowledge. EC Nursing and Healthcare, 2023, 5(2).
 
[19]  Hassan H., Abd-ELhakam F., Zakria M., El-sayed R. Female Genital Mutilation in Northern Upper Egypt: Prospects of Reasons for Performing and Refusing. Nursing and Care Open Access Journal, 2023; 9(1): 6-10.
 
[20]  Kimani, S., & Shell-Duncan, B. Medicalized female genital mutilation/cutting: contentious practices and persistent debates. Current sexual health reports, 2018; 10(1): 25-34.
 
[21]  Hassan H., Abd-ELhakam F., Ebrahim R., Mohammed M. Study Females' Attitude toward Female Genital Mutilation. Journal of Gynecology and Women’s Health, 2022, 24(3): 1-9.
 
[22]  Hassan H., Ebrahim R., Mohammed M., Abd-ELhakam F. Prevalence and Determinants of Female Genital Mutilation at Beni-Suef. Journal of Gynecology and Women’s Health, 2022, 24(3): 1-10.
 
[23]  Hassan H., Saber N., Sheha E. Comprehension of Dyspareunia and Related Anxiety among Northern Upper Egyptian women: Impact of Nursing Consultation Context Using PLISSIT Model. Nursing & Care Open Access Journal. 2019; 6(1): 1-19.
 
[24]  Said S., Hassan H., Sarhan A. Effect of an Educational Intervention on Women's Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Cervical Cancer. American Journal of Nursing Research. 2018; 6(2): 59-66.
 
[25]  Abd El Salam S., Hassan H., Kamal K., Ali R. Sexual Dysfunction of Women’s Associated with Cervical Cancer. Journal of Applied Health Sciences and Medicine, 2021; 1(2): 12-27.
 
[26]  United Nations Population Fund [UNFPA]. (2018). UNFPA-UNICEF joint program to eliminate female genital mutilation. UNFPA https://www.unfpa.org/unfpa-unicef-joint-programme-eliminate-female-genitalmutilation.
 
[27]  Rasheed, S. M., Abd-Ellah, A. H., & Yousef, F. M. Female genital mutilation in Upper Egypt in the new millennium. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, 2011; 114(1): 47-50.
 
[28]  El-Gibaly, O., Aziz, M., & Abou Hussein, S. (2019). Health care providers’ and mothers’ perceptions about the medicalization of female genital mutilation or cutting in Egypt: a cross-sectional qualitative study. BMC international health and human rights, 19(1): 1-12.
 
[29]  Modrek, S., & Sieverding, M. Mother, daughter, doctor: medical professionals and mothers' decision making about female genital cutting in Egypt. International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 2016; 42(2): 81-92.
 
[30]  Mady, A. A. M. Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practices among females in the reproductive age (15-49 years) regarding females genital mutilation in rural and urban areas in Alexandria. [Master's Disseration, Alexandria University]. Alexandria, Egypt. 2017; 134: 79-85.
 
[31]  Abd-ELhakam F., Ebrahim R., Mohammed M., Hassan H. Relationship between Women's Intention for Female Genital Mutilation and their Exposure to Complication and Pressure. Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health Reports 2022; 3(10).
 
[32]  Hassan H., Mohammed M., Abd-ELhakam F., Ebrahim R. Female Genital Mutilation: Study Sexual Issues Journal of Gynecology and Women’s Health, 2023, 25(1): 1-8.
 
[33]  Abd-ELhakam F., Ebrahim R., Mohammed M., Hassan H. Female Genital Mutilation: Relationship Association between Upper Egyptian Females' Knowledge and Attitude. Nursing and Health Care Researchers, 2023; 3(1): 1-7.