by Olalekan Seun Olagunju, Bolarinwa Afolabi Obasanjo, Erinfolami Peter Temitope, Ogunmola Saliu, Ibinaiye Taiwo, Zakirai Musa, Elizabeth Omoluabi and Tesleem Kayode Babalola
Original Research
This study examined how exposure to Family Planning (FP) information can influence modern contraceptive use among women of reproductive age in Nigeria. The study used a secondary dataset from the PMA2020/NGR4 conducted in 2017. A total of 11,380 females were interviewed, which is the sample size for this study. Data analysis included Univariate, Bivariate, and Multivariate techniques. Bivariate analysis findings showed that exposure to FP information was higher among those who know a place to obtain FP services. However, other exposure such as via radio, television, newspapers, told at the health facility are also significantly associated with the modern use of FP in Nigeria (p-value <0.05). Binary logistic regression showed that show that women who heard FP information on the radio were 0.23 times as likely to report using contraception compared to those who did not. To improve family planning use various ways of conveying family planning messages should be encouraged because multiple information sources on contraception help retain the message better and extend the reach of the campaign on family planning use.
American Journal of Public Health Research. 2020, 8(3), 100-104. DOI: 10.12691/ajphr-8-3-4
Pub. Date: June 12, 2020
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by Robbinson Yusuf
Original Research
Objectives: This study was designed to gain insight into the perspectives of stakeholders in the maternal, newborn and child health services in Bauchi State, Nigeria, regarding sustainability of MNCH interventions supported by donors. Methods: This is a qualitative exploratory study. Recorded semi-structured in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were carried out with three key stakeholder groups selected purposively: program officers (n = 6); healthcare providers (n = 3); and lay community members (n = 3). Qualitative data obtained were transcribed verbatim and subjected to thematic content analysis through inductive and deductive processes. Results: Stakeholders’ perspectives regarding understanding of the concept of sustainability and knowledge of the different donor supported MNCH interventions in the state showed convergence. Several factors that promote and challenge sustainability emerged from the analysis, with community involvement and government commitment being the most recurrent according to stakeholders. Recommendations for enhanced sustainability of MNCH interventions in Bauchi state correlated to major factors influencing sustainability. Conclusion: The use of stakeholders provided contextualised opinions regarding sustainability of donor supported MNCH interventions. Strengthened community involvement that improves their capacity to engage with political leaders and leverage more government funding for MNCH interventions can enhance sustainability more.
American Journal of Public Health Research. 2020, 8(3), 93-99. DOI: 10.12691/ajphr-8-3-3
Pub. Date: May 11, 2020
3829 Views587 Downloads
by Agbo Ejiofor C., Ejinaka Obiora. R., Obeta M. Uchejeso, Lote-Nwaru Ifeoma E., Ibanga Imoh E and Dajok D. Godfrey
Original Research
Background: The presence of biofilm forming Pseudomonas species on noncritical surfaces in various hospital areas are the basis of Healthcare Associated Infections. Justification: The Healthcare associated infections are on the increase, affecting both care givers and patients with many showing resistant to many antibiotics and therefore calls for study for better understanding of the susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from noncritical surfaces in the facility. Aim and objectives: The study was to assess the susceptibility of commonly prescribed antibiotics in the south eastern healthcare facility and to be able to educate the staff, students and patients. Methodology: The study used an experimental design carried out in 800 beds capacity Federal Medical Center, Umuahia, and South East Nigeria. These bacteria were isolated using the swab to collect samples for analysis. Samples were collected from different noncritical surfaces surrounding hospitalized patients and equipment in the tertiary healthcare facility. The 450 positive samples out of the 1314 samples collected were analyzed for bacterial isolation and identification using bacterial cultural and microscopic identification techniques, biochemical tests and the Microbact 24E assay. Result: Biofilm forming Pseudomonas aeruginosa were identified through crystal violet assay while Antimicrobial susceptibility test was done using agar well diffusion method which was carried out on the isolated biofilm forming Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusion: The susceptibility showed that biofilm forming Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were resistant to Gentamicin and Augmentin, but sensitive to Vancomycin, Azithromycin and Meropenem. Pseudomonas aeruginosa has the highest potential to form biofilms and could be recognized as a major agent of nosocomial infections in healthcare facilities in South East. Its notable resistance to some major antibiotics used in those centres calls for an urgent need for caregivers to carry out susceptibility testing before antibiotic prescription.
American Journal of Public Health Research. 2020, 8(3), 87-92. DOI: 10.12691/ajphr-8-3-2
Pub. Date: May 14, 2020
3640 Views729 Downloads
by Chijioke A Ezenyeaku, Chinomnso C Nnebue, Simeon A Nwabueze, Cyril C Ezenyeaku, Ifeanyi N Udedibia, Ifeoma C Iloghalu and Obiageli F Emelumadu
Original Research
Background: Community involvement in the disease surveillance and notification (DSN) systems aids in leveraging community structures for improved disease prevention and control. Objective: To determine the completeness of reporting in the CBSS in Anambra State, Nigeria. Materials and methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive mix method study of the CBSS in Anambra State. Quantitative data were obtained using pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaires, interview-administered on 360 community informants, selected by multistage sampling technique, while data on completeness of filling of the community registers were obtained using observation checklist. Analyses were with SPSS version 20 and associations were tested using Chi square, Fisher’s exact and t tests as appropriate. Level of statistical significance was set at 5%. Key informant interviews (KII) were conducted among selected DSN key officers. Data from KII were transcribed verbatim, thematic content analysis done and key quotes noted. Results: The completeness of reporting in the system was 28.1%. Factors such as the source of information on detected disease, record of detected disease kept by community informant in the last one year, the number of times reports were sent in the last one year, feedback received by community informants given to community members, volunteer benefit and satisfaction with being a community informant had associations with completeness (p < 0.05). At the univariate level, keeping records, giving feedbacks to the community and being satisfied with the CBSS were significant predictors of completeness. The KII findings, showed that the commonest reason for sub-optimal functioning of the CBSS was poor funding. Conclusions: This study revealed low level of completeness of reporting of notifiable diseases and sub-optimal functioning of the CBSS in the State. We recommend improved supervision, record keeping, information transmission process and funding of the CBSS in Anambra State.
American Journal of Public Health Research. 2020, 8(3), 77-86. DOI: 10.12691/ajphr-8-3-1
Pub. Date: May 11, 2020
3454 Views596 Downloads