by Oral O. ONUR, George N. NOMIKOS, Nikitas N. NOMIKOS, Svirkaite A. GERDA and Gabriele A. PALEVICIUTE
Original Research
BACKGROUND: The scientific field of nutrition education in schools is not expandly studied. METHODS: This research adopted the literature review of 17 studies about nutrition, healthy eating, and the relationship between students and teachers. RESULTS: In total 6 countries have been overviewed (Finland, Canada, Latin America's countries, Norway, France, and Japan) and Lithuania which is given as an example with very little information. Most subjects were children; however, there is information about youth, adolescents, and pre-school teachers. According to the data few studies showed beneficial and positive results about nutrition education - which exists, but other studies defined negative information or no information about nutrition education only about outcomes from no nutritional education or bad influences around schools, like mobile vendors that increase obesity and bad nutritional habits in children. CONCLUSIONS: Nutrition education poses a crucial key role in all scales of education system in terms of the prevention of global obesity epidemic. Extended epidemiological surveys are needed for achieving updated scientific data.
American Journal of Public Health Research. 2021, 9(3), 114-119. DOI: 10.12691/ajphr-9-3-5
Pub. Date: April 20, 2021
2939 Views2 Downloads
by Kitigon Vichairuangthum, Pisamai Jarujittipant and Kietchai Veerayannon
Original Research
The objective of this study was to investigate the current effectiveness of timely coronary catheterization among patients with acute ischemic heart disease and to study the rates of timely coronary catheterization separated according to various hospital factors, including the study of various hospital factors affecting the timely delivery of coronary catheterization of patients with acute ischemic heart disease in Thailand. The secondary data during 2018-2019 was collected from 1,180 hospitals serving cardiac patients in Thailand and analyzed by using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The difference between variables were conducted by one-way ANOVA and the relationship between variables were analyzed by multiple regression analysis. The study found that Thailand still has problems with both a shortage of cardiac catheterization centers and improper concentration of the cardiac catheterization center. Most of the hospitals that serve cardiac patients in Thailand (89%) do not have a cardiac catheterization facility, especially in the Northeast area of Thailand. Instead, a high concentration of cardiac catheterization center was found in hospitals in Bangkok (10.42%). It’s also found that cardiac catheterization rooms are often located in larger hospitals with size of more than 120 beds (80.77%). As such problems contribute to the rate of timely cardiac catheterization. In general, Thailand has not yet passed the threshold (more than 50%) because it can only achieve 49.15%, especially the 7th health service area (Khon Kaen, Kalasin, Mahasarakham, Roi Et) has a low rate of timely treatment (15. 22%). The results found that the mean rate of timely catheterization statistically better among the hospitals larger than 120 beds, hospitals with cardiac catheterization center and private hospitals, and by analyzing the relationship between various factors of hospitals including the number of beds, the established period, proportion of the number of cardiac catheterization centers to the number of service area hospitals in where the hospital is located, type of hospital and the existence of cardiac catheterization center to the rate of timely catheterization by analyzing multiple regression analysis, it was found that various hospital factors can jointly predict trends of the rate of timely treatment at a moderate level, 24 percent (adjusted R2 = 0. 246). The results suggest that the rate of timely coronary catheterization is currently lagging and the Thai Ministry of Public Health budget should be allocated to provide more cardiac catheterization centers and should be more inclusive throughout the country especially in the northeastern provinces where there is still a shortage.
American Journal of Public Health Research. 2021, 9(3), 106-113. DOI: 10.12691/ajphr-9-3-4
Pub. Date: April 19, 2021
2325 Views19 Downloads
by Emre Adıgüzel and Nilüfer Acar-Tek
Original Research
Based on the fact that immobile bedridden patients have a high risk of developing bedsores and infection, we evaluated whether the presence of bedsores and low serum albumin levels significantly alter the scores of long and short forms of Mini Nutritional Assessment and body mass index. From January to July 2016, 143 bedridden/chairbound home care patients were visited with the Karaman State Hospital home healthcare team. The Mini Nutritional Assessment and Mini Nutritional Assessment-short form were used for nutritional evaluation. The retrospective serum albumin levels that had been analysed in the last 30 days, were recorded from the patients’ files. Also, the skin integrity was evaluated by the home care physician to detect the presence of bedsores. The mean Mini Nutritional Assessment and Mini Nutritional Assessment-short form scores of the patients were 13.2±7.0 and 6.4±3.8, respectively. The mean serum albumin level was 3.2±0.6 g/dL, and 33 patients had bedsores. The Mini Nutritional Assessment and Mini Nutritional Assessment-short form scores, and body mass index values in patients with normal serum albumin levels were significantly higher than those in patients with low serum albumin levels. Moreover, these nutritional parameters in patients with bedsores were significantly lower than those in patients without bedsores. Lastly, the serum albumin levels were found to be significantly positively correlated with all these nutritional parameters. (r=0.477 for Mini Nutritional Assessment; r=0.456 for Mini Nutritional Assessment-short form; r=0.451 for body mass index). Low Mini Nutritional Assessment and Mini Nutritional Assessment-short form scores were significantly related to the presence of bedsores, providing strong evidence that malnutrition may be a major risk factor for bedsore formation. An effective, comprehensive, and holistic treatment protocol and care plan, including nutritional intervention, is important and necessary for immobile home care patients.
American Journal of Public Health Research. 2021, 9(3), 100-105. DOI: 10.12691/ajphr-9-3-3
Pub. Date: April 18, 2021
2525 Views4 Downloads
by M. Felicia Cavallini and David J. Dyck
Commentary
Physical inactivity can lead to increased risk of numerous disease states including hyperlipidemia, stroke, coronary heart disease, diabetes, all of which can reduce life expectancy and quality of life. Over the past year, the COVID pandemic has wreaked havoc with the lifestyle of people world-wide. In many cases, lockdowns are proving to be a hardship on the overall quality of living including increased mental stress and depression, social isolation, as well as physical health. Having to socially and physically isolate can severely impact physical activity levels leaving many adults less physically active or even sedentary. With lack of time being the most commonly reported general barrier to PA chosen among all adults (again, regardless of country, gender or age), finding purpose, motivation and an easier way to incorporate PA into a daily routine is paramount. The following commentary discusses key strategies to maintain health during these challenging times, including: 1) Be less sedentary; 2) Stop feeling guilty if you do not enjoy the gym as a place to be physically active; 3) Walk, walk, walk; 4) Take advantage of your home space; 5) Let the inspiration of community and family yield careful interactive yet rewarding PA; 6) Go outdoors to enjoy the scenery and clear your mind; 7) Move and groove; 8) Follow a consistent routine for maximal health.
American Journal of Public Health Research. 2021, 9(3), 96-99. DOI: 10.12691/ajphr-9-3-2
Pub. Date: April 14, 2021
2364 Views2 Downloads
by Bernadette Ateghang-Awankem, Laura DeLuca, Edwin Shadzeka and Kenneth Yongabi Anchang
Original Research
The success stories regarding the availability of at least 4 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines showing efficacy rates of about 90%, barely 10 months after the sequence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was made available by China and 8 months after the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 pandemic, is an incredible scientific and technological achievement. Clear and consistent communication by the pharmaceutical industry, national and regional medicinal agencies, and government officials is key to building public confidence in vaccine programs. In addition, community-based care with community health workers will increase efficacy. This includes clinical trials and regulatory process awareness campaign. Additionally, strategic campaigns should also address COVID-19 vaccine-related issues: Vaccine’s level of efficacy, number of shots/doses needed, the time needed for protection, vaccine up-take, and herd immunity. Implementing the principles of good participatory practice and stakeholder engagement prior to market launch, is essential, to improve vaccine acceptance.
American Journal of Public Health Research. 2021, 9(3), 90-95. DOI: 10.12691/ajphr-9-3-1
Pub. Date: March 28, 2021
24403 Views14 Downloads